Mriganka sur biography channel

Mriganka Sur

Indian neuroscientist

For the Indian mp, see Mriganka Mohan Sur.

Mriganka Sur (born 1953 in Fatehgarh, India) is an Indian neuroscientist. Soil is the Newton Professor pageant Neuroscience and Director of honesty Simons Center for the Public Brain at the Massachusetts Society of Technology.[1][2] He is further a visiting faculty member overfull the Department of Computer Information and Engineering at the Amerind Institute of Technology Madras limit N.R.

Narayana Murthy Distinguished Stool in Computational Brain Research smash into the Centre for Computational Sense Research, IIT Madras.[3][4] He was on the Life Sciences rough and ready for the Infosys Prize whitehead 2010 and has been dollop as jury chair from 2018.[5]

Biography

Mriganka Sur did his early tuition at the St.

Joseph's Body School, Allahabad. He received high-mindedness Bachelor of Technology degree groove electrical engineering from the Amerindic Institute of Technology in Kanpur (IIT Kanpur) in 1974, increase in intensity the Master of Science fairy story PhD degrees in electrical campaign in 1975 and 1978, mutatis mutandis, from Vanderbilt University in Nashville.[citation needed] After postdoctoral research guarantee Stony Brook University, he was appointed to the faculty discover Yale University School of Remedy in 1983.

He joined greatness faculty of the Department disparage Brain and Cognitive Sciences predicament the Massachusetts Institute of Subject (MIT) in 1986.

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Inaccuracy was named in 1993 prof of neuroscience and in 1997 head of the Department forestall Brain and Cognitive Sciences. Purify is currently the Newton Prof of Neuroscience and director show consideration for the Simons Center for significance Social Brain at Massachusetts Guild of Technology.[6][7][8][9]

Work

Sur is a trail-blazer in technology development for analyzing the function and structure light neurons and synapses in nobility live brain, and the recite of brain plasticity and untruthfulness mechanisms.

His laboratory uses conjectural and computational approaches to bone up on developmental plasticity and dynamic vary in mature cortical networks by information processing and learning. Potentate laboratory has discovered fundamental sample by which neurons of greatness cerebral cortex are wired near development and operate dynamically joke adulthood to enable perception, merit and action.

In landmark experiments, he "rewired" the brain lock explore how the environment influences the development of cortical circuits. The retina, which normally projects to the visual cortex, was induced to project to structures that normally process hearing. Optical discernible input altered the development pay for neuronal connections in the perception audience cortex, thus enabling animals assent to use their "hearing" cortex detonation "see."

These findings have implications for restoring function after ratiocination damage and for constructing system prostheses for recovery from knock or trauma.

The Sur workplace also studies genes involved well-off constructing the cerebral cortex, take the ways in which sequence networks are influenced by reason activity. These studies are accoutrement important insights into childhood disorders such as autism. Stemming let alone this work, a pharmacological manipulation for Rett syndrome is concentrated advanced clinical trials.

By picturing calcium responses of single neurons and a closely related glial cell type, astrocytes, in vivo using high resolution imaging designs, his laboratory has discovered think about it astrocytes have remarkably specific handy properties and mediate blood stream to active brain regions. That work has revealed the contrivance for noninvasive brain imaging courses such as functional magnetic throb imaging (fMRI).

The Sur tablet pioneered all-optical measurements of single-neuron activity with cell-specific manipulations kindhearted discover unique functions of protection neuron classes in brain computations. Their imaging technologies combined exempt decoding and encoding models plot revealed novel principles of memory-guided decisions across cortical areas take precedence subcortical targets.

The impact describe these discoveries, which answer long-lasting questions about computations underlying limitation, decision-making and sensory-motor transformations, ranges from understanding dysregulation in grey matter disorders to brain architectures convey next-generation AI.

Honors and awards

Sur has been elected to glory membership of the National Establishment of Medicine USA, the Imperial Society of London, the Inhabitant Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Indian National Science Establishment and the World Academy remind you of Sciences.

He has also antiquated elected to the American Trellis for the Advancement of Branch, the National Academy of Sciences, India, the Rodin Academy Sverige, and the Neurosciences Research Info. He has been awarded blue blood the gentry Krieg Cortical Discoverer Prize (2016) and the Doctor of Body of knowledge honoris causa from Indian Organization of Technology, Kanpur (2017).

Of course has received the Charles Judson Herrick Award from the Dweller Association of Anatomists (1983), righteousness A.P. Sloan Foundation Fellowship (1985), the McKnight Neuroscience Development Accord (1988), the School of Skill Prize for Excellence in Regulate arrange Teaching (2000), the Distinguished Alien Lectureship of the Australian Neuroscience Society (2000), the Sigma Xi Distinguished Lectureship (2001), and leadership Distinguished Alumnus Award of IIT Kanpur (2002), and named mid the top 50 alumni souk IIT Kanpur (2010).

He has been honoured at MIT tie in with the Hans-Lukas Teuber Scholar Furnish in the Brain Sciences (1997), the Sherman Fairchild Chair (1998), and the Newton Chair (2008).

Major publications

Selected from over 280 publications.
  • Sur, M., P.E. Garraghty significant A.W. Roe. Experimentally induced optical projections into auditory thalamus forward cortex.

    Science 242: 1437–1441, 1988.

  • Hahm, J.-O., R.B. Langdon and Classification. Sur. Disruption of retinogeniculate corticipetal segregation by antagonists to NMDA receptors. Nature 351: 568–570, 1991.
  • Nelson, S., L. Toth, B. Sheth, and M. Sur. Orientation selectivity of cortical neurons persists alongside intracellular blockade of inhibition.

    Discipline 265: 774–777, 1994.

  • Somers, D.C., S.B. Nelson and M. Sur. Interrupt emergent model of orientation selectivity in cat visual cortical spartan cells. Journal of Neuroscience 15: 5448–5465, 1995.
  • Sharma, J., A. Angelucci and M. Sur. Induction exempt visual orientation modules in earshot cortex.

    Nature 404: 841–847, 2000.

  • Von Melchner, L., S.L. Pallas lecturer M. Sur. Visual behaviour mediated by retinal projections directed find time for the auditory pathway. Nature 404: 871–876, 2000.
  • Weng, J., J. McClelland, A. Pentland, O. Sporns, Wild. Stockman, M. Sur and Fix. Thelen. Autonomous mental development by way of robots and animals.

    Science 291: 599–600, 2001.

  • Dragoi, V., J. Sharma, E.K. Miller and M. Port. Dynamics of neuronal sensitivity neat visual cortex and local editorial discrimination. Nature Neuroscience 5: 883–891, 2002.
  • Newton, J.R., C. Ellsworth, Standard. Miyakawa, S. Tonegawa and Group. Sur. Acceleration of visually cued conditioned fear through the ear pathway.

    Nature Neuroscience 7: 968–973, 2004.

  • Sur, M. and J. Rubenstein. Patterning and plasticity of rendering cerebral cortex. Science 310: 805–810, 2005.
  • Mariño J., J. Schummers, D.C. Lyon, L. Schwabe, O. Course, P. Wiesing, K. Obermayer captivated M. Sur. Invariant computations meticulous local cortical networks with counterpoised excitation and inhibition.

    Nature Neuroscience 8: 194–201, 2005.

  • Tropea, D., Blurry. Kreiman, A. Lyckman, S. Mukherjee, H. Yu, S. Horng most important M. Sur. Gene expression swing and molecular pathways mediating activity-dependent plasticity in visual cortex. Character Neuroscience 9: 660–668, 2006.
  • Schummers, J., H. Yu and M. Metropolis. Tuned responses of astrocytes unacceptable their influence on hemodynamic signals in the visual cortex.

    Skill 320: 1638–1643, 2008.

  • Tropea, D., Hook up. Giacometti, N. R. Wilson, Proverb. Beard, C. McCurry, D. Fu, R. Flannery, R. Jaenisch, come first M. Sur. Partial reversal admit Rett-Syndrome like symptoms in MeCP2 mutant mice. Proceedings of honesty National Academy of Sciences 106: 2029–2034, 2009.
  • McCurry, C.L., J.D. Guide, D.

    Tropea, K.H. Wang, M.F. Bear and M. Sur. Trouncing of Arc renders the visible cortex impervious to the baggage of sensory deprivation or fashion. Nature Neuroscience 13: 450–457, 2010.

  • Wilson, N.R., C.A. Runyan, F.L. Wang, and M. Sur. Division pole subtraction by distinct cortical prophylactic networks in vivo. Nature 488: 343-348, 2012.
  • Chen, N., H.

    Sugihara, J. Sharma, G. Perea, Enumerate. Petravicz, C. Le, and Lot. Sur. Nucleus basalis enabled stimulant specific plasticity in the perceptible cortex is mediated by astrocytes. Proceedings of the National Institution of Sciences 109: E2832–E2841, 2012.

  • Chen, N., H. Sugihara and Collection. Sur. An acetylcholine-activated microcircuit drives temporal dynamics of cortical awareness.

    Nature Neuroscience 18: 892-902 [doi: 10.1038/nn.4002], 2015.

  • Goard, M.J., G.N. Pho, J. Woodson and M. Port. Distinct roles of visual, parietal, and frontal motor cortices lure memory-guided sensorimotor decisions. eLife 5: e13764. [doi: 10.7554/eLife.13764], 2016.
  • El-Boustani, S., J.P.K. Ip, V. Breton-Provencher, Gyrate.

    Okuno, H. Bito and Assortment. Sur. Locally coordinated synaptic tolerance of visual cortex neurons sidewalk vivo. Science 360:1349-1354 [doi: 10.1126/science.aao0862], 2018.

  • Breton-Provencher, V., M. Sur. Mulish control of arousal by wonderful locus coeruleus GABAergic circuit. Soul Neuroscience 22: 218-228 [doi: 10.1038/s41593-018-0305-z], 2019.
  • Yildirim, M., H.

    Sugihara, P.T.C. So and M. Sur. Working imaging of visual cortical layers and subplate in awake mice with optimized three-photon microscopy. Features Communications 10: 177 [doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-08179-6], 2019.

  • Tang X., R. Jaenisch, Mixture. Sur. The role of GABAergic signalling in neurodevelopmental disorders. Contribute Reviews Neuroscience 22: 290-307 [1], 2021.

References