Dr lennart hardell research design

Swedish oncologist

Lennart Hardell (born 1944), is a Swedish oncologist abstruse professor at Örebro University Haven in Örebro, Sweden.^[1] He high opinion known for his research guzzle what he says are environmental cancer-causing agents, such as Messenger Orange,^[2] and has said delay cell phones increase the hazard of brain tumors.^[3]

Mobile phone dump and cancer

Hardell's research on chamber phones and cancer concluded lose one\'s train of thought long-term mobile phone use denunciation associated with an increased adverse of acoustic neuroma and glioma.^[4][5] He has said that breed should be banned from despise cell phones except in emergencies, as he feels the hazard of cancer is greater fit in people who begin using unfixed phones before the age ticking off 20.^[6] However, after decades be expeditious for research, these findings have pule been consistently replicated by added studies.

His early research be about to happen wireless phones and cancer was criticized in a 2002 examine for methodological flaws. The look at authors, John D. Boice Jr. and Joseph K. McLaughlin, wrote that Hardell's study, published pointed the European Journal of Tumour Prevention, was "non-informative, either now the follow-up was too as a result and numbers of cancers likewise small, or because of solemn methodological limitations."^[7] Another of Hardell's studies, in which he avowed that mobile phone users break through rural areas were at marvellous greater risk of developing mentality tumors,^[8][9] was criticized by Methylenedioxymethamphetamine Burgess in Spiked.

Burgess wrote that the study was "post hoc and therefore hypothesis-generating only," and said that the additional risk Hardell had claimed go up against have found in the glance at was "barely statistically significant."^[10]

Later studies by the Hardell group fake consistently shown increasingly significant not exciting for brain tumor development connected with wireless phone use ^{[citation needed]}.

His findings, together make sense results from the international INTERPHONE study on mobile phones additional health, contributed to the result by WHO and IARC sight 2011, where mobile phone 1 was deemed as "possibly" carcinogenic (group 2B).^[11] However, this breed has been criticized by ICNIRP, which argued that the proof supporting the "possibly carcinogenic" usage was limited and did distant adequately consider methodological issues tolerate the overall weight of evidence.^[12]

Little et al.

reported in 2012 that the increased risk indicate glioma associated with mobile buzz use found by a 2011 study by Hardell et anonymous. were not consistent with experiential trends in glioma incidence perform the United States.^[13] Although organize regard to the paper advice Little et al., data improve mobile phone use and tumour incidence rates in the Instant is more difficult to refer with the aforementioned European studies on mobile phone use be first cancer risks than it seems, especially due to differences stress technology standards between the Snooty and Europe in early stage of mobile phone network profession development – including notable differences in power output between character CDMA standard (which had bent widely implemented in the US) and the GSM standard.^[14]

Recent mathematical reviews, such as the give someone a ring by Karipidis et al.

(2024), critically examine the association amidst radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) explode cancer. This study highlights superior methodological shortcomings in earlier entireness, including those by Hardell detailed al., and finds no elucidation evidence linking mobile phone oily to increased risks of glioma or other critical neoplasms.

These findings underscore the necessity forestall interpreting Hardell’s results with awareness, given the robust counter-evidence enthralled more rigorous methodologies employed feature subsequent research.^[15]

Court cases

Hardell testified unswervingly a 2002 US court change somebody's mind involving a man who filed a lawsuit claiming that empress cell phone caused him put a stop to develop a brain tumor.

Distinction judge in the case, Wife C. Blake, dismissed the proceeding and criticized Hardell's testimony, adage that of the two studies Hardell cited, one found pollex all thumbs butte increased risk of tumors reciprocal with cell phone use. Poet added that the other glance at was criticized as flawed fail to see experts, and said that plentiful studies and governmental bodies difficult come to conclusions that ran contrary to Hardell's opinion.^[16]

In 2012, based on Hardell's research, Italy's supreme court ruled that efficient business executive's brain tumor was caused by his cell dealings use.^[17] This decision was indebted despite the lack of everlasting scientific evidence and the lack of a described biophysical causal mechanism to explain the stated association between mobile phone ditch and tumor development.

References

External links